Understanding Micronutrient Deficiencies: Iron, Folic Acid, and Vitamin B12

Iron (Fe) Deficiency Iron deficiency can lead to several health issues, primarily related to its role in producing hemoglobin, the protein in red blood cells that carries oxygen. Here are the main problems associated with iron deficiency: 1. Iron-Deficiency Anemia: This is the most common result of iron deficiency. Symptoms include fatigue, weakness, pale skin, shortness of breath, dizziness, and headaches. 2. Pale or Sallow Skin: The lack of adequate hemoglobin can cause the skin to become noticeably pale or sallow. 3. Shortness of Breath: Without enough iron, the body cannot transport sufficient oxygen, leading to frequent shortness of breath, especially during physical activity. 4. Heart Problems: Severe iron deficiency can lead to an enlarged heart or heart failure because the heart has to work harder to move oxygen-rich blood throughout the body. 5. Cold Hands and Feet: Poor circulation due to low hemoglobin levels can cause extremities to feel cold. 6. Brittle Nails and Hair Loss: Iron deficiency can affect the health of nails and hair, leading to brittle or spoon-shaped nails and hair loss.